Color Changing Christmas Lights

I like the idea of a string of lights controlled by wifi. It's an internet of lights (IoL)!

Other people's projects

Other people have created neat things with related hardware (bluetooth and RF models):
Replacing the controller with something custom, Electrical bus details, Custom bluetooth controller

Hardware

Model: GE G-35 iTwinkle WiFi (36 lights)
Cost: about $60 at Costco

Box:

wifi Controller:

Power Supply (5V 3A):

The hardware seems fine. The wifi chipset has a Rayson mac address but I haven't looked at the CPU because the screws are annoyingly triangle.

They draw 0.11A/7W with a power factor of 51% with the lights on (measured by a Kill-A-Watt). and 0.04A/2W with the lights off.

Software

The app is bad. It directly changes your wifi settings to do its work. This didn't work on my Samsung phone, but worked most of the time on my Nexus 10 tablet. The reviews of the app reflect this and other problems (see the next section) - the Android App has 36 one star reviews out of 70 total (with a final score of "2.3" stars). The iPhone App seems to have 2.5 stars with 7 ratings.

Various problems with the design

When I first installed their app, it had an option to have the lights join your wifi network. It "scans for free IPs" by doing DNS lookups (which is not how you actually find unused IPs). There was no way to tell it what IPs to use or to have it use your DHCP server. The lights have their own DHCP server, and it continues to answer even when it joins your wifi network, which is a big problem. The lights did not like my long wifi password, so I had to change it to something shorter. It took several tries to get it half working. Possibly because of these problems, the feature to have the app program a wifi network into the light string was removed, and now you can only connect to the light's wifi SSID.

I've never received a software bug report via mail before. But this means they're working on improving it at least.

When you connect to the wifi SSID it creates (default password "2015"), you can control the lights from the app but you have no internet till you disconnect from the light's SSID. That's annoying, but it works better.

The app saves the light's SSID as a wifi connection to automatically use. This is annoying when your tablet/phone auto-connects to it instead of the internet.

Reverse Engineering

I configured the lights with the app to join a SSID I created for just this device. I setup tcpdump on the AP to capture the traffic. After that, it was simply a matter of comparing the network traffic to how the lights reacted.

The commands are sent over UDP to port 1281, and they are 20 bytes long.

The general form of a command looks like this: kleCMD[CC][II][BB][GG][RR](&'+

Where [CC] = two hex characters for the command (see below for known values), [II] = two hex characters for the intensity (00=off, fe=full on), [BB][GG][RR] = two hex characters for blue/green/red for the commands that take a color (00=black, 0f=full color).

The app seems to send the command five times. There's no ack in the protocol, so this is probably to avoid packetloss problems.

Commands

Command	Description	Uses Color and Intensity?
01	change color, keep current pattern	yes
09	slow per bulb transition to new color?	?
18	color for custom color set?	yes
20	change speed	intensity = speed, no color
21	fade in/out, note: accepts cmd=01	no
22	white light moves through	yes
23	"moving darkness"	no
24	middle to edge bounce color cycle pattern	no
25	"lightning", note: accepts cmd=01	yes
26	per bulb rainbow cycle "marching"	no
27	randomly choose patern?	?
28	solid color	yes
29	nothing?	?
2a	per bulb rainbow cycle "fading"	no
e0	end custom color programming?	?
e8	send remainder of colors for custom color set?	?
ee	start custom color programming?	?

There are 8 patterns (21,22,23,24,25,26,28,2a) as well as the random mode (27) and the custom color set mode (18+ee+e8+e0)

Other details

When chaining sets together, they send what looks like a timestamp every second over udp port 1281 to the next strand's IP address. I'm guessing this is to synchronize the clocks so they go through the patterns at the same rate. It almost looks like a unix timestamp, but the device probably doesn't have a battery backed RTC so the time is wrong.

kleCTT1436038702
kleCTT1436038703
kleCTT1436038704

Example

An example command line way to send command 28 (solid color), intensity fe (full brightness) and color 0f0f0f (white) from a Linux machine (say, a raspberry pi). 10.1.5.150 is the IP of the lights in this example, but it'll be different for your setup.

echo -n "kleCMD28fe0f0f0f(&'+" | socat stdio udp-sendto:10.1.5.150:1281

Video

Timestamp of Patterns:
0:00 - fade in/out
0:15 - moving light
0:30 - moving darkness
0:47 - middle to edge bounce pattern
1:05 - lightning pattern
1:19 - marching rainbow
1:36 - solid color
1:51 - fading rainbow

Custom Color mode example

TODO: finish this

green + red with random patterns
18fe000f00
ee00030000
18fe00000f
e8f0000000
18fe000f00
e8f0000000
e001e0e0e0

15? 17? colors - double check sequence
18fe000f00
ee00110000
18fe00000f
e8f0000000
18fe000f04
18fe000f0f
18fe0f0f00
18fe0f0000
18fe0f000c
18fe0f0f0f
18fe00090f
18fe08000f
18fe0e0f00
18fe0f0005
18fe0f000f
18fe000f0f
18fe000f06
e001e0e0e0